Principles Of Supply Chain Management Rapidshare Library
The second edition of this popular textbook presents a balanced overview of the principles of supply chain management. Going beyond the usual supply chain text, Principles of Supply Chain Management not only details the individual components of the supply chain, but also illustrates how the pieces must come together. There are many complicated supply chain management processes that differ with the size of the business as well as the complexity of the chain and the number of products involved at each step. Thus, supply chain management begins at the origin of the product or service, and ends at the delivery and consumption of the same by the end user. Business Library: Supply Chain Management. Selected Journals. International Journal of Logistics (12-month embargo); International Journal of Logistics Management Journal of Business Logistics Journal of Supply Chain Management (abstracts only); Logistics & Transport Focus Logistics Management Manufacturing.
9781337406499
Principles of Supply Chain Management: A Balanced Approach, 5th Edition
Joel D. Wisner, Keah-Choon Tan, and G. Keong Leong
Cengage Learning
2019
602 pages
$249.95
Hardcover
Supply Chain Management Definition
HD38
This textbook discusses the principles of supply chain management from four foundation perspectives: purchasing, operations, logistics, and process integration. It aims to make readers consider how supply chain management impacts all of the areas and processes of the firm and its supply chain trading partners and show managers how to improve their firm's competitive position by using the practices in the text. This edition includes three cases at the end of each chapter, more emphasis on technological advances, supply chain management profiles in each chapter, and new end-of-chapter discussion, essay and project questions, and exercises, as well as new topics, such as software application and new location trends in the global economy. It includes a new companion website. (Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR)
No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder.
This article throws light upon the three main concepts of global supply chain management. The concept are: 1. The Value Chain Concept 2. Concept of Global Supply Chain Management 3. International Logistics.
Global Supply Chain Management: Concept # 1.
The Value Chain Concept:
The objective of any business firm is to create value by way of performing a set of activities, such as to conceptualize, design, manufacture, market, and service its offerings. This set of interrelated activities is termed as the value chain.
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To gain competitive advantage over its rivals, a firm must provide comparable buyer value by performing activities more efficiently (at lower cost) than its competitors or perform activities in a unique way that creates greater buyer value and commands a premium price (differentiation) or accomplish both.
Figure 16.6 provides the basic framework of Michael Porter’s concept of value chain to carry out these interrelated activities.
The primary activities include inbound logistics, operations (manufacturing), outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and after-sales services whereas the support activities include firm infrastructure (finance, planning, etc.), human resource management, technology development, and procurement.
This model suggests that two of the primary activities relates to supply chain, i.e., procuring inputs, components, raw materials, parts, and related services (inbound logistics), and operations and transfer of finished products to the end customer (outbound logistics). Therefore, the competitive advantage of a firm is dependent upon a firm’s organizing and performing discrete activities.
Firms create value for their buyers through performing these activities in a competitive manner. The ultimate value created by a firm is measured by the amount buyers are willing to pay for its products and services.
If the value of performing the required activities exceeds the collective costs, the firm becomes profitable. Thus, achieving competitive advantage in managing supply chains at global scale becomes crucial to the success of a business enterprise.
Global Supply Chain Management: Concept # 2.
Concept of Global Supply Chain Management:
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Supply chain management is considered a function crucial to a large number of industries to achieve and maintain its global competitiveness.
For instance, in the airlines industry, logistics is not only the scheduling of flights and passengers but also a meticulous planning, implementing, and control of a variety of activities, such as scheduling for crews, ground support, airport scheduling, preventive maintenance, luggage, meals, etc.
Global supply chain management is most crucial to the competitiveness of global retailers, such as Wal-Mart, Carrefour, etc., and e-retailers like Amazon.com. Nike does not own a complete manufacturing facility in any part of the world, but gets all its products manufactured by sub-contracting in various parts of the world. It focuses primarily upon design, supply chain management, and marketing.
Supply chain management aims at minimization and elimination of all wastes through vertical integration of all functional activities in managing the suppliers’ suppliers all the way through to managing the customers’ customers and focusing on scheduling and time efficiency.
It refers to integrating and managing business processes across the supply chain at global scale which includes three major sub-systems: suppliers/sub contractors, transformation/manufacturing, and distribution, as depicted in Fig. 16.7.
In order to optimize the supply chain system, suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors should work in close harmony and achieve the lowest possible lead- time with lowest cost and maintaining quality. The integrated supply chain refers to a material flow stream from purchase to transformation to distribution. It also includes financial and information flows, as shown in Fig. 16.7, from the clients to the suppliers.
The concept of supply chain management:
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i. Evolves around the primary objective to serve its customers through improved cost economies and efficiencies
ii. Includes all functional activities in products and materials flow from procurement, through operations to delivery to the final customer
iii. Identifies complete process of sourcing inputs to providing goods and services to the final consumer
iv. Integrates all the participants and operations from suppliers to the end users
v. Extends beyond organizational boundaries
vi. Is coordinated through an information system assessable to all its participants
vii. Ensures performance of the supply chain as a whole is crucial to achieve objectives of individual supply chain members
Global supply chain management focuses on managing flow of information, products, and services across the network of customers, enterprises, and suppliers on a global scale. Thus, global supply chain refers to global integration and management of business processes across the three major sub-systems of the supply chain.
With the rapid growth of outsourcing of even the transformation process, the supply chain management also includes ensuring timeliness, quality, and legalities of suppliers’ operations.
Global Supply Chain Management: Concept # 3.
International Logistics:
The word logistics is derived from the French word loger that means art of transport, supply, and quartering of troops. Thus, logistics was conceptually designed for use in military so as to ensure meticulous planning and implementation of supply of weapons, food, medicines, and troops in the battlefield. However, over the years logistics has become an integral part of present-day business.
Supply Chain Management Pdf
Conceptualization, design, and implementation of a system to direct flow of goods and services across national borders is termed as international logistics. Thus, logistics consists of planning and implementing the strategy for procurement of inputs for the production process to make goods and services available to the end customers.
The ability of firms to move goods across borders rapidly, reliably, and at lower costs is crucial to success in integrating global supply chains. The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) (Exhibit 16.2) developed by the World Bank is a bench-marking tool to measure performance along the logistics supply chain among countries.
International managers have to comprehensively assess and evaluate logistics facilities available in various countries before designing strategy for global supply chain management.
Logistics has two distinct components, i.e., materials management and physical distribution as elucidated below.
Materials management:
Materials management is the upstream part of the supply chain, which involves procurement of inputs, such as raw materials and components for processing or value addition by the firm. This is also known as inbound logistics.
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Procurement of inputs is no longer limited to national boundaries or neighbouring countries for international companies. Instead, globally integrated sourcing of inputs, through most cost-effective and efficient sources, known as global sourcing has become crucial to achieving global business competitiveness.
Global sourcing:
As the firm expands its business operations internationally, market forces increasingly compel the firm to evolve ways to reduce costs and improve quality to remain competitive.
Instead of manufacturing a product or delivering a service itself, the international company often resorts to outsourcing and procures its inputs from the most cost-effective diverse sources across the globe. Global sourcing refers to procurement of inputs for production of goods and delivery of services globally from the most optimal sources.
The major reasons for global outsourcing include:
i. Price differentials leading to lower prices from foreign sources
ii. Need for foreign products not available domestically
Supply Chain Management Wikipedia
iii. Global strategy and operations of the company
iv. Need for technology- and R&D-intensive foreign products
v. Requirement for superior quality overseas products
A business enterprise may use a number of global sourcing arrangements.
These include:
i. Import from a foreign manufacturer
ii. Overseas contract manufacturing
iii. International joint venture
iv. Wholly owned subsidiaries
Physical distribution management:
It is the downstream portion of the supply chain which involves all the activities, such as transportation, warehousing, and inventory, carried out to make the product available to the end customers. This is also known as outbound logistics.